國(guó)際碳行動(dòng)合作的狀況報(bào)告顯示2016年排放交易是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的斗爭(zhēng)中取得越來(lái)越重要。

國(guó)際碳行動(dòng)合作組織（ICAP）狀態(tài)報(bào)告2016年2月23日發(fā)布，凸顯了持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)和碳排放交易系統(tǒng)（ETS）在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的斗爭(zhēng)中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。事實(shí)上，2015年只身看到五個(gè)新ETSS在亞洲和北美的公告。報(bào)告是在世界各地的排放權(quán)交易，其中突出的重要趨勢(shì)，并提供了關(guān)于碳市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展中心來(lái)一個(gè)受過(guò)教育的前景上所有活動(dòng)的年度審查。

巴黎協(xié)定發(fā)出了一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈信號(hào)，雄心勃勃和持續(xù)的全球氣候行動(dòng)。通過(guò)允許各國(guó)使用國(guó)際碳市場(chǎng)，以滿足他們的承諾，該協(xié)定已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到以市場(chǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的解決方案，以應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的成本效益潛力。超過(guò)一半的氣候公約締約方均表示，他們計(jì)劃使用或考慮他們的合規(guī)戰(zhàn)略，利用國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。

現(xiàn)在，全球框架到位，重點(diǎn)是落實(shí)作出的承諾。未來(lái)幾年將會(huì)看到氣候的措施，包括排放權(quán)交易的激增。截至2016年，已經(jīng)有17 ETS到位世界各地，覆蓋超過(guò)四十億噸的溫室氣體排放量。

2015亞洲看到的出現(xiàn)作為排放權(quán)交易的新熱點(diǎn)，在過(guò)去三年中推出，其中包括韓國(guó)在今年年初九個(gè)新系統(tǒng)。這種強(qiáng)勁的增長(zhǎng)將繼續(xù)與中國(guó)國(guó)家ETS公布的2017年，這將使其成為最大的單一碳市場(chǎng)在世界上。 SinoCarbon的碳專家錢國(guó)強(qiáng)和陳志斌評(píng)估中國(guó)在國(guó)家碳市場(chǎng)的快速轉(zhuǎn)型，而韓國(guó)環(huán)境部討論了韓國(guó)國(guó)家制度的實(shí)施。最后，東京都政府著眼于獨(dú)特的城市范圍內(nèi)的東京限額與交易計(jì)劃中的最新創(chuàng)新。

The International Carbon Action Partnership’s Status Report 2016 shows emissions trading is gaining ever more importance in the fight against climate change.

The International Carbon Action Partnership’s (ICAP) Status Report 2016, released on 23 February, highlights the continuous growth and key role that emissions trading systems (ETS) play in the fight against climate change. Indeed, 2015 alone saw the announcement of five new ETSs in Asia and North America. The Report is a yearly review on all activities in emissions trading around the world, which highlights important trends and provides an educated outlook on central developments in carbon markets to come.

The Paris Agreement sent a strong signal for ambitious and sustained global climate action. By allowing countries to use international carbon markets to meet their commitments, the Agreement has recognized the cost-effectiveness potential of market-based solutions to climate change.  Over half of the parties to the UNFCCC have indicated they plan to use or consider using international markets in their compliance strategies.

Now that the global framework is in place, the focus is on implementing the pledges made. The next few years will see a proliferation of climate measures, including emissions trading. As of 2016, there are already 17 ETS in place around the world, covering more than four billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions. 

Asia on the rise in emissions trading

2015 saw Asia emerge as the new hotspot for emissions trading, with nine new systems launched in the past three years, including of the Republic of Korea at the beginning of the year. This strong growth is set to continue with the announcement of a national ETS in China for 2017, which would make it the largest single carbon market in the world. SinoCarbon’s carbon experts Qian Guoqiang and Chen Zhibin assess China’s rapid transition to a national carbon market, while the Korean Ministry of Environment discusses the implementation of the Korean national system. Finally, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government looks at recent innovations within the unique city-wide Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Program.

North America sees renewed interest in carbon markets

Across the Atlantic, climate change continues to move up the political agenda. The Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario both announced plans to implement an ETS, implying the Western Climate Initiative carbon market of California and Québec is set to expand even further. The approval of the Clean Power Plan (CPP) in the United States has also sparked renewed interest in emissions trading. Experts from the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative outline how its system could provide a role model for compliance with the CPP. The California Air Resources Board also looks back on its first phase of operation and the potential for expanding its carbon market.

Meanwhile, established systems are undergoing a process of structural reform, ensuring they continue to play an effective role in reducing greenhouse gases and adapt to changing circumstances and climate targets. For example, in the EU, policymakers are drawing on a decade of ETS experience to make their system future proof into the next decade. The European Commission provides an insight into the preparations for reform of the European Union ETS (EU ETS), while the Dutch Emissions Authority reflects on how the EU ETS could be simplified and improved. 

These pioneering systems continue to demonstrate to the world the flexibility and effectiveness of emissions trading, and inspire policymakers currently developing the next generation of ETS. 

《國(guó)際碳行動(dòng)合作組織（ICAP）2016年度全球碳市場(chǎng)報(bào)告》下載